o caso da Vigilância em Saúde de Pernambuco, Brasil

O desempenho dos sistemas e políticas de saúde estão intimamente relacionados à capacidade de alcançar objetivos e metas, dentro de um contexto de claras prioridades de governança. Nesta perspetiva, a Gestão do Desempenho (GD), qual seja um conjunto de elementos e procedimentos que ajustam taticamente ações delineadas para garantir o alcance de resultados, parece cumprir esse propósito. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a Política de M&A da Secretaria Executiva de Vigilância em Saúde de Pernambuco (SEVS), com base nesse modelo. Foi realizada uma avaliação normativa, utilizando-se uma abordagem descritivo-qualitativa partindo-se do desenho do modelo lógico da GD e de critérios pré-estabelecidos. Foram entrevistados 10 informantes-chave e analisados documentos. A Política de M&A da SEVS é convergente com o modelo de Gestão do Desempenho, a partir dos componentes propostos na análise: liderança do desempenho, estrutura gerencial e produção de informação e conhecimento. O M&A são elementos chave nesse processo, porém é preciso diferenciá-los e buscar estratégias que os perenizem. Mais amiúde, o Monitoramento do Desempenho da Gestão da Vigilância em Saúde revela-se o impulsionador da sustentabilidade da Política. A avaliação precisa assumir uma agenda mais permanente na SEVS, como parte do desempenho que se persegue. The performance of systems and health policies is closely related to their capacity of reaching objectives and goals within a context of clear governance priorities. In this perspective, Performance Management (GD), which is a set of elements and procedures that tactically adjust actions outlined to ensure the achievement of results, seems to fulfill this purpose. The objective of this study was to evaluate the Monitoring and Evaluation Policy used by the Executive Secretariat for Health Surveillance of Pernambuco (SEVS), based of this model. A normative evaluation was carried out, using a qualitative descriptive approach starting with the design of the PM logical model and pre-established criteria. For this study, we interviewed 10 key informants and documents were analyzed. The SEVS M & E Policy is convergent with the Performance Management model, based on the components proposed in the analysis: performance leadership, management structure and production of information and knowledge.The M & E are key elements in this process, but it is necessary to differentiate them and seek strategies that will keep them alive. More often than not, monitoring the performance of Health Surveillance Management is the driving force behind the sustainability of the Policy. The evaluation needs to take on a more permanent agenda at SEVS, as part of the performance that is pursued.publishersversionpublishe

Red propolis and its dyslipidemic regulator formononetin: evaluation of antioxidant activity and gastroprotective effects in rat model of gastric ulcer

Propolis has various pharmacological properties of clinical interest, and is also considered a functional food. In particular, hydroalcoholic extracts of red propolis (HERP), together with its isoflavonoid formononetin, have recognized antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, with known added value against dyslipidemia. In this study, we report the gastroprotective effects of HERP (50–500 mg/kg, p.o.) and formononetin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) in ethanol and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced models of rat ulcer. The volume, pH, and total acidity were the evaluated gastric secretion parameters using the pylorus ligature model, together with the assessment of gastric mucus contents. The anti-Helicobacter pylori activities of HERP were evaluated using the agar-well diffusion method. In our experiments, HERP (250 and 500 mg/kg) and formononetin (10 mg/kg) reduced (p < 0.001) total lesion areas in the ethanol-induced rat ulcer model, and reduced (p < 0.05) ulcer indices in the indomethacin-induced rat ulcer model. Administration of HERP and formononetin to pylorus ligature models significantly decreased (p < 0.01) gastric secretion volumes and increased (p < 0.05) mucus production. We have also shown the antioxidant and anti-Helicobacter pylori activities of HERP. The obtained results indicate that HERP and formononetin are gastroprotective in acute ulcer models, suggesting a prominent role of formononetin in the effects of HERP.This work has been funded by the Fundação de ApoioàPesquisa eàInovação Tecnológica do Estadode Sergipe (FAPITEC/SE), by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq).R.L.C.d.A.-J., S.M.T., and J.C.C. received CNPq productivity grants. E.B.S. acknowledges the sponsorship of theproject UIDB/04469/2020 (strategic fund), from the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation, Ministry ofScience and Education (FCT/MEC) through national funds, and was co-financed by FEDER, under the PartnershipAgreement PT2020. E.N. and A.S. acknowledge the support of the research project: Nutraceutica come supporto nutrizionale nel paziente oncologico, CUP: B83D1800014000info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Indication for the disappearance of reactor electron antineutrinos in the Double Chooz experiment

The Double Chooz Experiment presents an indication of reactor electron antineutrino disappearance consistent with neutrino oscillations. A ratio of 0.944 $\pm$ 0.016 (stat) $\pm$ 0.040 (syst) observed to predicted events was obtained in 101 days of running at the Chooz Nuclear Power Plant in France, with two 4.25 GW$_{th}$ reactors. The results were obtained from a single 10 m$^3$ fiducial volume detector located 1050 m from the two reactor cores. The reactor antineutrino flux prediction used the Bugey4 measurement as an anchor point. The deficit can be interpreted as an indication of a non-zero value of the still unmeasured neutrino mixing parameter \sang. Analyzing both the rate of the prompt positrons and their energy spectrum we find \sang = 0.086 $\pm$ 0.041 (stat) $\pm$ 0.030 (syst), or, at 90% CL, 0.015 $<$ \sang $\ <$ 0.16.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, (new version after PRL referee's comments

Screening, production and biochemical characterization of a new fibrinolytic enzyme produced by Streptomyces sp. (Streptomycetaceae) isolated from Amazonian lichens

Thrombosis is a pathophysiological disorder caused by accumulation of fibrin in the blood. Fibrinolytic proteases with potent thrombolytic activity have been produced by diverse microbial sources. Considering the microbial biodiversity of the Amazon region, this study aimed at the screening, production and biochemical characterization of a fibrinolytic enzyme produced by Streptomyces sp. isolated from Amazonian lichens. The strain Streptomyces DPUA1576 showed the highest fibrinolytic activity, which was 283 mm2. Three variables at two levels were used to assess their effects on the fibrinolytic production. The parameters studied were agitation (0.28 - 1.12 g), temperature (28 - 36 ºC) and pH (6.0 - 8.0); all of them had significant effects on the fibrinolytic production. The maximum fibrinolytic activity (304 mm2) was observed at 1.12 g, 28 ºC, and pH of 8.0. The crude extract of the fermentation broth was used to assess the biochemical properties of the enzyme. Protease and fibrinolytic activities were stable during 6 h, at a pH ranging from 6.8 to 8.4 and 5.8 to 9.2, respectively. Optimum temperature for protease activity ranged between 35 and 55 °C, while the highest fibrinolytic activity was observed at 45 ºC. Proteolytic activity was inhibited by Cu2+ and Co2+ ions, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) and pepstatin A, which suggests that the enzyme is a serine protease. Enzymatic extract cleaved fibrinogen at the subunits A-chain, A-chain, and -chain. The results indicated that Streptomyces sp. DPUA 1576 produces enzymes with fibrinolytic and fibrinogenolytic activity, enzymes with an important application in the pharmaceutical industry.The authors grateful acknowledge the financial support of Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Pernambuco (FACEPE, Pernambuco, Brazil, N. 0158-2.12/11), CNPq/ RENORBIO (National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development, N.55146/2010-3) and National Council for the Improvement of Higher Education (CAPES, Brazil) for the scholarship. The author thanks editor and reviewers for their review and comments.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Ecological phytochemistry of Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) plants

The Cerrado (the Brazilian savanna) is one of the vegetation formations of great biodiversity in Brazil and it has experienced strong deforestation and fragmentation. The Cerrado must contain at least 12,000 higher plant species.We discuss the ecological relevance of phytochemical studies carried out on plants from the Cerrado, including examples of phytotoxicity, antifungal, insecticidal and antibacterial activities. The results have been classified according to activity and plant family. The most active compounds have been highlighted and other activities are discussed. A large number of complex biochemical interactions occur in this system. However, only a small fraction of the species has been studied from the phytochemical viewpoint to identify the metabolites responsible for these interactions